Plants play a crucial role in filtering stormwater and reducing pollutants and nutrients that could potentially enter waterways. Through a process called phytoremediation, plants absorb, break down, and trap harmful contaminants like heavy metals and chemicals. The root systems also stabilise soil, helping to prevent erosion.
Additionally, vegetation acts as a natural sponge, absorbing excess quantities of runoff and nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, thereby improving water quality, and promoting a healthier urban ecosystem.